1. Single Responsibility Principle

   A class should only have a single responsibility, that is, only changes to one part of the software’s specification should be able to affect the specification of the class.

2. Open Closed Principle

   Software entities should be open for extension, but closed for modification.

3. Liskov substitution principle

   Objects in a program should be replaceable with instances of their subtypes without altering the correctness of that program.

4. Interface Segregation Principle

   Many client-specific interfaces are better than one general-purpose interface.

5. Dependency Inversion Principle

   One should depend upon abstractions, rather than concrete implementations.